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Best Research Paper Writing Services From Expert Writers Reviewing is a great studying expertise and an exciting thing to do. One gets to know super contemporary research firsthand and achieve insight into other authors’ argument construction. I also think it is our duty as researchers to put in writing good evaluations. The soundness of the complete peer-review process is dependent upon the standard of the evaluations that we write. Conclusions which might be overstated or out of sync with the findings will adversely influence my evaluate and suggestions. One of the most obvious advantages of using such service is the flexibility to regulate the writing process always. Each scholar twice a yr discovers a brand new problem in their life, coincided with project works. He will get prompt updates from the help group and control the method as well as make needed corrections and clarifications. We additionally supply affordable pricing and totally reply to any of your requests. I spend a good period of time wanting at the figures. I also want to know whether the authors’ conclusions are adequately supported by the results. The finest approach to method the macrostructure revision is through the outline of the ideas in your paper. The final time you up to date your define was before writing the Introduction and the Discussion. Now that you've the start and the conclusion, you can take a bird’s-eye view of the entire paper. The define will let you see if the ideas of your paper are coherently structured, in case your outcomes are logically built, and if the dialogue is linked to the research query within the Introduction. You will have the ability to see if something is lacking in any of the sections or if you should rearrange your info to make your point. This is necessary in those circumstances the place the researcher presents a variety of findings or where more than one research question was introduced. Your abstract of the examine’s main findings should be adopted by your presentation of the importance of those findings. One of essentially the most frequent mistakes of the novice author is to assume the significance of his findings. Even if the importance is obvious to you, it may not be apparent to your reader. Digesting the findings and their importance to your reader is as essential as stating your research question. Furthermore, we provide a a hundred% money-again assure and vast expertise. It is important to note that cheap is dear and most unqualified companies have ventured into the net writing industry and ended up writing substandard papers for low costs. The best thing about working with skilled writers is as a result of they are at all times observant of the deadline and therefore making sure that they're ready to completely grasp your research work. Think of us as the answer to all the research papers worries you could have as we will ship a perfect analysis paper completed inside any set deadline and guarantee you the highest grade ever. Martínez I. Native and non-native writers’ use of first person pronouns within the totally different sections of biology research articles in English. The main and an important task whereas drafting a research paper is to select a subject on which you'll be able to write your coronary heart out and on which you could have sufficient data. Often students choose a subject and start researching on another aspect of the subject which isn't related to their chosen subject; this leads to inappropriate analysis and fewer precise thesis paper. It is apparent that graduate stage students don't have sufficient practical exposure to write on the subject with their very own information. Therefore, it is necessary for the students to do a comprehensive analysis that too in the right path. Remember that a review just isn't about whether or not one likes a certain piece of work, but whether or not the analysis is valid and tells us something new. In my expertise, the submission deadline for evaluations normally ranges between three working days to as much as 3 weeks. Most of the time is spent closely studying the paper and taking notes. Once I even have the notes, writing the review itself generally takes less than an hour. I often don’t resolve on a advice till I’ve read the whole paper, although for poor high quality papers, it isn’t all the time essential to learn every thing. The greatest challenge for a lot of writers is the opening paragraph of the Discussion part. Following the moves in Table 1, your best option is to start out with the study’s major findings that provide the reply to the analysis question in your Introduction. The most typical starting phrases are “Our findings demonstrate . .” In some instances, nonetheless, reminding the reader about the analysis question and even providing a quick context after which stating the reply would make more sense. I use annotations that I made in the PDF to start out writing my evaluation; that means I always remember to say something that occurred to me while reading the paper. Then I make specific comments on every part, itemizing the main questions or concerns. Depending on how much time I actually have, I generally additionally finish with a section of minor comments. I could, for instance, spotlight an apparent typo or grammatical error, though I don’t pay lots of consideration to those, as it is the authors’ and copyeditors’ duty to make sure clear writing. You have been struggling along with your project for a yr. You generated an unlimited quantity of interesting information. Your pipette looks like an extension of your hand, and running western blots has turn into a part of your day by day routine, just like brushing your enamel. Your colleagues think you are prepared to write down a paper, and your lab mates tease you about your “gradual” writing progress. Yet days pass, and you can't force your self to take a seat down to write down. Another common mistake is writing an unfocused review that is lost within the particulars. You can better highlight the major points that need to be dealt with by restructuring the review, summarizing the necessary issues upfront, or adding asterisks. I would really encourage other scientists to take up peer-review alternatives every time potential.

Essay

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Essaytyper

Essaytyper You may read aloud to yourself, to a tape recorder, or to a colleague or good friend. Just as in all different sections of your paper, the clear and exact language and concise complete sentences are very important. This signifies that you need to be selective in presenting data and select solely these experimental details which are important for your reader to know your findings. You might need performed an experiment 20 occasions and picked up numerous records, however this doesn't imply that you need to current all those information in your paper. You need to tell apart your outcomes out of your data and be able to discard extreme experimental particulars that would distract and confuse the reader. However, creating a picture or an argument shouldn't be confused with knowledge manipulation or falsification, which is a willful distortion of knowledge and results. If a few of your findings contradict your concepts, you need to mention this and discover a believable explanation for the contradiction. Try to suggest possible explanations and options. For many scientists, writing a Discussion part is as scary as starting a paper. By finding the area of interest, you define the scope of your research problem and enter the scientific dialogue. The ultimate transfer, “occupying the niche,” is the place you explain your analysis in a nutshell and spotlight your paper’s significance. When you might be forced to see only a small portion of your writing, you are much less more likely to get distracted and are more likely to notice problems. You will find yourself spotting extra pointless words, wrongly worded phrases, or unparallel constructions. One of the microstructure revision strategies incessantly used throughout writing middle consultations is to learn the paper aloud . This can be the place to discuss any discrepancies and sudden findings which will in any other case distort the overall image of your paper. Moreover, outlining the scope of your research by showing the constraints, weaknesses, and assumptions is important and provides modesty to your image as a scientist. However, make sure that you don't end your paper with the issues that override your findings. Most of the concern comes from the variation in the part. Since each paper has its unique outcomes and findings, the Discussion part differs in its size, shape, and construction. However, some common rules of scripting this part still exist. Knowing these guidelines, or “strikes,” can change your perspective about this part and help you create a complete interpretation of your outcomes. However, along with that, your writing ought to convey confidence and authority. The best way to illustrate your tone is to make use of the lively voice and the first particular person pronouns. Accompanied by clarity and succinctness, these instruments are the best to convince your readers of your point and your ideas. The aim of the analysis context move is to show how your findings fit into the general image of the present research and the way you contribute to the existing knowledge on the topic. The strikes and information out of your define may help to create your Introduction efficiently and without missing steps. These strikes are traffic signs that lead the reader through the road of your ideas. Each transfer performs an essential function in your paper and must be offered with deep thought and care. When you identify the territory, you place your analysis in context and spotlight the importance of your analysis subject. The three moves allow your readers to evaluate their curiosity in your paper and play a big role within the paper review process, figuring out your paper reviewers. Your Results section is the center of your paper, representing a 12 months or extra of your every day research. So lead your reader via your story by writing direct, concise, and clear sentences. Another important facet of this section is to create a comprehensive and supported argument or a nicely-researched case.

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When Is A Review Paper Worth Writing?

When Is A Review Paper Worth Writing? We’d then dedicate a paragraph or two to each sub-point. Following this order will ensure your writing flows nicely from one level to the next in a logical order. When you’re writing a particularly long-type piece, it can be straightforward to get misplaced. Start off in a high influence way, ideally trying to start with one thing motivating for readers â€" both a startling reality, a paradox resolved, a key abstract statistic, or a fantastic quote. For blog readers one thing topical linking to a current growth is commonly a great start. Alternatively promising readers a change in our information, or other new issues, is a good motivator. Once readers are hooked in, it’s OK to have a small quantity of context here (3â€"four strains) that pulls out the salience of the difficulty. It is value writing your high impact begin carefully and making an attempt to keep it punchy. What do you make of your key findings or conclusions? If you're as an alternative making an argument, integrating concepts, or creating a theme, you still must have a crystal clear and substantive summation of the central message. Next, write a narrative heading that gives your important message substantively. Try to tell readers very clearly and easily what you came upon. You need something significant, however in lower than 140 characters â€" that way the weblog title may also be the tweet. Don’t attempt just one heading â€" experiment with six to 10 completely different variants to find one that basically works. If your educational diffidence, or the complexity of the content material, stops you attaining a full narrative heading, in any case ensure that there are clear narrative cues in the weblog title. In the digital world, tutorial authors now get a number of possibilities to create their own accessible messages. Without having to accommodate to the restricted expertise or limiting agendas of journalists and broadcasters, researchers can explain directly and clearly. First get the eyeballs on your textual content (i.e don’t solo blog). Plus, if you hyperlink again to your white paper in every submit, you'll be able to direct more consideration towards it. Quality white papers take a lot of work to provide, so make the most of it by repurposing its contents elsewhere. Your first draft of a big doc like this received’t be good, so it’s essential to have a sound enhancing process in place. If your group has another writer or editor on workers, then work together to polish your draft. If we have been to write this section, we’d start with a paragraph in regards to the importance of selecting a good veterinarian. But his publish about it got here out on the LSE Impact blog (and got re-printed on LSE’s British politics blog), and was retweeted a number of times. In six months the publish was read 42,000 times â€" fairly a difference, even when this is an outlier case. Our blog features current and progressive topics to maintain you up to speed on citing and writing. Looking to format your paper in Chicago style and not sure where to start? Learn the fundamentals and fundamentals to creating citations in Chicago format. A type of reflective essay typically used by tutors as a strategy for helping students to learn how to analyse their personal life experiences to advertise emotional development and development. The essay offers the student a greater understanding of both themselves and their behaviours. That’s why sticking to a top level view is so essential, and we do hope you spent some time putting one collectively. With thorough analysis and a powerful outline in hand, you may make the actual writing exponentially easier. Now comes the half the place you're taking the key findings and arguments out of your journal article so as to type the main textual content of the weblog submit. At root, what did your research efforts uncover or conclude? With numerous examples and visuals, you’ll be citing in Chicago fashion very quickly. You can doubtless write a whole weblog post based on each section of your white paper. This offers you the opportunity to drill deeper into each specific level. Then make your case as briefly, clearly and accessibly as you can. If the work is good, it could possibly be retweeted, learn and favourited by the best people in your analysis neighborhood. A submit on the right kind of blog, one with a big prepared-made audience, also usually communicates your key messages to a far wider teams beyond academia itself. Thus it helps to create external impression on your work amongst practitioners in authorities or business or the professions as nicely. An LSE colleague’s article in an educational journal has been read and downloaded lower than one hundred occasions.

When Is A Review Paper Worth Writing?

When Is A Review Paper Worth Writing? We’d then dedicate a paragraph or two to each sub-point. Following this order will ensure your writing flows nicely from one level to the next in a logical order. When you’re writing a particularly long-type piece, it can be straightforward to get misplaced. Start off in a high influence way, ideally trying to start with one thing motivating for readers â€" both a startling reality, a paradox resolved, a key abstract statistic, or a fantastic quote. For blog readers one thing topical linking to a current growth is commonly a great start. Alternatively promising readers a change in our information, or other new issues, is a good motivator. Once readers are hooked in, it’s OK to have a small quantity of context here (3â€"four strains) that pulls out the salience of the difficulty. It is value writing your high impact begin carefully and making an attempt to keep it punchy. What do you make of your key findings or conclusions? If you're as an alternative making an argument, integrating concepts, or creating a theme, you still must have a crystal clear and substantive summation of the central message. Next, write a narrative heading that gives your important message substantively. Try to tell readers very clearly and easily what you came upon. You need something significant, however in lower than 140 characters â€" that way the weblog title may also be the tweet. Don’t attempt just one heading â€" experiment with six to 10 completely different variants to find one that basically works. If your educational diffidence, or the complexity of the content material, stops you attaining a full narrative heading, in any case ensure that there are clear narrative cues in the weblog title. In the digital world, tutorial authors now get a number of possibilities to create their own accessible messages. Without having to accommodate to the restricted expertise or limiting agendas of journalists and broadcasters, researchers can explain directly and clearly. First get the eyeballs on your textual content (i.e don’t solo blog). Plus, if you hyperlink again to your white paper in every submit, you'll be able to direct more consideration towards it. Quality white papers take a lot of work to provide, so make the most of it by repurposing its contents elsewhere. Your first draft of a big doc like this received’t be good, so it’s essential to have a sound enhancing process in place. If your group has another writer or editor on workers, then work together to polish your draft. If we have been to write this section, we’d start with a paragraph in regards to the importance of selecting a good veterinarian. But his publish about it got here out on the LSE Impact blog (and got re-printed on LSE’s British politics blog), and was retweeted a number of times. In six months the publish was read 42,000 times â€" fairly a difference, even when this is an outlier case. Our blog features current and progressive topics to maintain you up to speed on citing and writing. Looking to format your paper in Chicago style and not sure where to start? Learn the fundamentals and fundamentals to creating citations in Chicago format. A type of reflective essay typically used by tutors as a strategy for helping students to learn how to analyse their personal life experiences to advertise emotional development and development. The essay offers the student a greater understanding of both themselves and their behaviours. That’s why sticking to a top level view is so essential, and we do hope you spent some time putting one collectively. With thorough analysis and a powerful outline in hand, you may make the actual writing exponentially easier. Now comes the half the place you're taking the key findings and arguments out of your journal article so as to type the main textual content of the weblog submit. At root, what did your research efforts uncover or conclude? With numerous examples and visuals, you’ll be citing in Chicago fashion very quickly. You can doubtless write a whole weblog post based on each section of your white paper. This offers you the opportunity to drill deeper into each specific level. Then make your case as briefly, clearly and accessibly as you can. If the work is good, it could possibly be retweeted, learn and favourited by the best people in your analysis neighborhood. A submit on the right kind of blog, one with a big prepared-made audience, also usually communicates your key messages to a far wider teams beyond academia itself. Thus it helps to create external impression on your work amongst practitioners in authorities or business or the professions as nicely. An LSE colleague’s article in an educational journal has been read and downloaded lower than one hundred occasions.

Prewriting Strategies

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Help With Writing A Research Paper Writing Center 24

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Help With Writing A Research Paper Writing Center 24

Help With Writing A Research Paper Writing Center 24 If you’ve ever tried to write down a analysis paper, you then most likely know that creating a properly-researched and skilled project isn’t as straightforward as most people think. In essence, you have to select a topic, research, gather information, analyze, and prepare a ultimate document for presentation. Check your school library for research papers and books on the subject. Look for primary sources, such as journals, personal information, or up to date newspaper articles when you'll find them. ” The answer to your drawback is just one click on away. Click the Order Now button and get an exemplary essay from one of our seasoned experts. Whether it is a one-web page book report or a fancy argumentative paper in your philosophy class, your author will make it an excellent learn, and one which'll earn you the very best marks. You can higher highlight the main issues that must be handled by restructuring the evaluate, summarizing the necessary points upfront, or adding asterisks. I would actually encourage other scientists to take up peer-review alternatives whenever potential. Reviewing is a great studying experience and an exciting thing to do. Once I even have the notes, writing the review itself typically takes less than an hour. I normally don’t decide on a suggestion until I’ve learn the entire paper, though for poor high quality papers, it isn’t at all times necessary to read every thing. Buy Admission Essay Write my nursing research paper The contract on don't exist. Buy Original Essays Online Free purchase good essay sample buy authentic essays on-line free I guess I New York City most cash, but there are numerous the airline. The writing type is applied to the final research paper outline and references. Place all headings and title within the middle and comply with the rest of the rules by downloading free MLA/APA guide on-line. It is a good thought to put a great research paper web page example in front of you to get every thing carried out correctly. The data of the way to write a analysis paper is quite essential not only for students however for the young professionals and experienced scientists. The objective is to watch a selected issue related to your neighborhood in order. One will get to know tremendous recent analysis firsthand and acquire perception into other authors’ argument structure. I also assume it's our obligation as researchers to put in writing good reviews. The soundness of the complete peer-review process is determined by the quality of the reviews that we write. In my experience, the submission deadline for reviews normally ranges between three working days to up to three weeks. Most of the time is spent closely studying the paper and taking notes. I start by making a bullet point list of the primary strengths and weaknesses of the paper after which flesh out the evaluation with details. I often refer back to my annotated model of the web paper. I often differentiate between main and minor criticisms and word them as directly and concisely as potential. When I recommend revisions, I attempt to give clear, detailed feedback to guide the authors. Otherwise, the reader might be misplaced in too long and complex textual content. Devote no less than one sentence per paragraph for an argument. Do not forget to lookup for an argument in works you’ve cited to put in writing a research paper. It’s always prudent to keep up a correspondence with your chosen writer to make sure that the writing process is heading in the right direction. Finally, you pay the author only after you receive a satisfying paper. This will help to find solutions and supply forecasts for the long run. If the author covers a problem which was not just lately discussed, it may be troublesome to prove the significance of the research question. Remember that a evaluation isn't about whether or not one likes a sure piece of work, however whether the analysis is valid and tells us one thing new. Another frequent mistake is writing an unfocused evaluate that is lost within the particulars. Also, avoid tremendous analytical or technical subjects that you simply assume you’ll have a tough time writing about (except that’s the task…then bounce proper into all the technicalities you want). While writing the research paper, understand that your work shall be read not simply by scientists concerned within the topic however by ordinary folks. Use easy phrases and do not deny to use a easy sentence.

How To Write The Nc State Supplemental Essays 2020

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Write My Research Paper For Me Please! Essaypenguins Com

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Write My Research Paper For Me Please! Essaypenguins Com

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Write My Research Paper For Me Please! Essaypenguins Com

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Write My Research Paper For Me Please! Essaypenguins Com

Write My Research Paper For Me Please! Essaypenguins Com If you forget to cite one thing, or don’t cite it properly, you run the danger of plagiarism. It looks for issues like sentence construction and length, as well as unintentional plagiarism and passive tense. Note that there is nothing about originality on this rubric. To get an A on this paper, you must carry out with excellence in three categories and above average in a minimum of 2 of the opposite categories. Your profs know when you don’t take time prewriting, and so they know when you’re being wishy-washy or only studying to bolster your opinion. Go through and find the concepts the prof desires you to cowl within the paper. And others didn’t mind in-textual content citations at all, as long as you had a bibliography on the finish of your entire paper. As a common rule, it’s good to have a minimum of three-5 sources for every supporting point. Whenever you make a declare in your paper, you should support it with proof. It helps to let your paper sit in a single day, and then learn it out loud to your self, or the cat, or have a good friend read it. Often, our brains know what we “meant” to say, and it’s difficult for us to catch small grammatical or spelling errors. Every paper is double-checked for plagiarism and grammar errors on completion. Over 220,000 awesome students are studying tips on how to dominate their classes, get extra accomplished, and land the jobs they need â€" and you should too. Looking for tools to make the writing course of simpler? The most important thing to ensure here is that each single supply, whether or not huge or small, is on this page earlier than you flip your paper in. Log in to your buyer area on the site and download your new plagiarism-free paper, when the deadline comes. Fill out the order form fields, telling us what sort of paper you need. Note that nearly 60% of assignments are accomplished before the deadline. Okay, now that you’ve made your point, it’s time to show it. The size of this is totally depending on the standards set by your professor, so keep that in thoughts. Outlines principally do all of the heavy lifting for you in terms of writing. Even should you really feel tempted to just leap in and mind-dump, resist. Depending on how long your paper is, you should have 3-10 totally different sources, with all sorts of quotes between them. Don’t fear too much about grammar or prose quality at this point. It’s the tough draft, and it’s not imagined to see the sunshine of day. When I was in faculty, some professors wished in-textual content parenthetical citations each time I made a claim or used my research at all. Others only needed citations at the end of a paragraph. Hiring an essay helper is absolutely okay whenever you’re drained after a day within the faculty or have work to do. When all you want is to simply have a great relaxation is also understandable. Even with bullets and instructions that’s plenty of text. Let’s take it part by part, one directive at a time. Once you know what the prof wants, you possibly can write a one sentence reference that you can refer to everytime you really feel such as you’re going off course. Universities mandate that professors given students rubrics or some form of assessment guideline. If you’ve chosen a thesis you’re slightly unsteady on, a preliminary skim through Google is ok, however be sure to go the additional mile. Some professors will also have a listing of required assets (e.g. “Three academic articles, two books, one interview…etc). So you could have your thesis, you know what you’re looking for. It’s time to really exit and do some real analysis.

Waiting for God †A Critique of Christianity - Literature Essay Samples

How does civilization progress? How do the ideals and standards of a society change over time and adapt to technological advances? Throughout the majority of recorded history, progress and change in this sense is the result of an antithesis, or an opposition to the societal standards, often found in the form of a counterculture. This change is the result of the population’s dissatisfaction with the current state, whether it is a political, economical, religious, or cultural one. The counterculture succeeds through spreading ideas and influence to the general public to seek more support from the population, as there is power in numbers. This encourages artists, writers, musicians, directors, and anyone else with a creative output to promote their beliefs and viewpoints, as they possess the freedom to express their views and can use their popularity to influence the public. Contributing to the Theatre of the Absurd in support of the existentialism movement, Samuel Beckettâ€℠¢s play Waiting for Godot challenges religious values, particularly Christian values, through highlighting the faults and shortcomings of Christianity. Released in 1953, Waiting for Godot was written at a significant pivotal point in British and American history, just before the rise of the counterculture in both countries. While the term â€Å"counterculture† can refer to any opposition to societal standards and tradition, it most commonly refers to a series of liberating movements occurring in both America and Britain in the 1960’s that held ties with the Women’s Rights movement, the Civil Rights movement, and the promotion of sexual liberation. The societal standards these movements protested exhibited Christianity’s widespread influence over these two countries for centuries. Under Christianity’s teachings, for example, promiscuity and homosexuality were deemed immoral and sinful, and as a result the general public upheld societal standards, which discouraged that sexual liberation. Although many literary and artistic movements opposing Christianity’s standards preceded Samuel Beckett, t he counterculture had yet to shift society towards more accepting and progressive views, so Beckett’s work contributed to the momentum that brought the counterculture into fruition by means of criticizing Christianity. The titular character Godot mirrors the image of God in Christianity in many ways, most obviously in the similarities between names. While it seems as though this painfully obvious tactic is below the writing skills of Beckett, the repetition of Godot’s name can subconsciously cause readers to think about God, simply by reading His name multiple times. Early on in to the first act, the main characters Estragon and Vladimir mention their communication with Godot through prayer. As Godot is never physically on stage in the play, this instance of prayer suggests a spiritual relationship between Estragon, Vladimir, and Godot, as there is little evidence presented throughout the play that instead characterizes Godot as a human. Furthermore, while the church often promotes the power of prayer during service, Vladimir and Estragon are quick to dismiss this power: ESTRAGON. What exactly did we ask him for? VLADIMIR. Were you not there? ESTRAGON. I cant have been listening. VLADIMIR. Oh . . . Nothing very definite. ESTRAGON. A kind of prayer. VLADIMIR. Precisely. ESTRAGON. A vague supplication. VLADIMIR. Exactly. ESTRAGON. And what did he reply? VLADIMIR. That hed see. ESTRAGON. That he couldnt promise anything. VLADIMIR. That hed have to think it over. (Beckett) The uncertainty in this dialogue questions the power of prayer, suggesting Godot holds a very passive stance towards prayer and very rarely grants prayers. Additionally, the lines following hold more religious symbolism, in which Estragon and Vladimir note their only influence in the situation lies in worship, as in they cannot influence the outcome of the prayer aside from worshipping Godot. Furthermore, the two characters continue their dialogue to note the worship of Godot strips them of their rights, but when Estragon asks â€Å"We lost our rights?† Vladimir replies, â€Å"We got rid of them,† (Beckett) suggesting religion requires one to sacrifice their rights and free will as individuals in order to worship and obey a religious figure. This underlying theme of the text directly highlights the shortcomings of religion, painting it as a one-sided relationship in which the followers give up their free will to follow a religion that offers little in return. At the tim e of its genesis, this play would have directly contradicted the societal standards that promoted the views of Christianity by satirizing the traditional religious practices. As the play progresses, Beckett continues to present Godot in a negative light, particularly through the appearance of a young messenger towards the end of Act 1. A young boy claiming to work for Godot rushes onstage to inform Estragon and Vladimir of Godot’s tardiness, and that Godot would surely arrive the next day. Upon further inquiry, the boy explains he shepherds goats for Godot, and his brother shepherds the sheep. Additionally, the messenger claims Godot beats his brother, but not the messenger himself. This particular passage sticks out due to the frequent use of symbolism in the Bible regarding goats and sheep, as demonstrated in Matthew 25:32, reading, â€Å"All the nations will be gathered before Him, and He will separate them one from another, as a shepherd divides his sheep from the goats. (33) And He will set the sheep on His right hand, but the goats on the left. (34) Then the King will say to those on His right hand, Come, you blessed of My Father, inherit th e kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the world†¦(41) Then He will also say to those on the left hand, Depart from Me, you cursed, into the everlasting fire prepared for the devil and his angels,† (Ford). Unlike Beckett’s presentation of goats and sheep, the Bible considers sheep the holy and righteous followers, while goats are represented as sinners who will burn in Hell. The messenger’s claims of his brother being beat by Godot suggests the righteous followers of Christianity are abused and mistreated by their God, and rather those who do not follow God are not subjected to any like abuse or hellfire. This passage of Waiting for Godot notably opposes Christianity directly by manipulating symbolism plainly stated in the Bible. Such an act would be seen as blasphemous in the church’s eyes, but the very existence of such literature in the 1940’s could inspire and provoke others who are skeptical or critical of religion and/or Christ ianity. Beckett’s absurdist techniques hold more meaning and purpose than they may seem; the circular dialogue, frequent repetition, and skewered timeline contribute to criticisms of Christianity. Through these literary devices, Beckett intends to present the suspension of waiting for Godot as a continual, never-ending occurrence. Vladimir and Estragon themselves cannot even remember how long they have been waiting, only aware that they are waiting and plan on continuing to wait until their meeting with Godot is fulfilled: VLADIMIR. What are you insinuating? That weve come to the wrong place? ESTRAGON. He should be here. VLADIMIR. He didnt say for sure hed come. ESTRAGON. And if he doesnt come? VLADIMIR. Well come back tomorrow. ESTRAGON. And then the day after tomorrow. VLADIMIR. Possibly. ESTRAGON. And so on. VLADIMIR. The point is— ESTRAGON. Until he comes. VLADIMIR. Youre merciless. ESTRAGON. We came here yesterday. VLADIMIR. Ah no, there youre mistaken. ESTRAGON. What did we do yesterday? VLADIMIR. What did we do yesterday? ESTRAGON. Yes. VLADIMIR. Why . . . (Angrily.) Nothing is certain when youre about. (Beckett) This dialogue presents the acts of worshipping and waiting for Godot as unfulfilling and meaningless, a never-ending cycle of waiting and being told to wait longer. This counters Christianity through Existentialism, using the fundamental beliefs of Jean-Paul Sartre and Albert Camus to question the overall meaning of religion. The philosophy of Existentialism held a very cynical view of human nature, illustrating the lack of purpose in life as a result of mortality (Cash). Most existentialists were likely atheists, as no religious beliefs in the afterlife or salvation could compliment the beliefs of existentialism, therefore the movement itself counters any religion. Through the pointed dialogues of Waiting for Godot, Beckett uses his existentialist views to counter Christianity at a time when the religion was highly revered and largely influenced societal values. Due to his absurdist techniques, Beckett’s play lacks an obvious theme, so in a broad sense, many different meaning can be interpreted from it, all depending on the reader’s background. However, Beckett’s existentialism paired with textual evidence of religious references, one can begin to understand the writer’s not-so-absurd views on Christianity.

Research on George Washington

Research on George Washington The name of George Washington has been already known for almost 250 years. As the first president of the USA, he played a major role in the early shaping of the American nation ant its principles. Writing about such a famous person is a great choice, as you can take a chance to educate yourself and tell others about Washington, his ideas and life. Of course, you won’t write about his every step. It’s better to select one the most interesting subjects and make a detailed research within its scopes. I’d like to suggest you several points, which can help you to order your ideas and decide on an exact topic. Contribution. George Washington made many contributions in the early birth of America and he was absolutely sure which action would be the best for both the current time and the future. His great achievements had a strong influence on the future development of the country. Characteristics. The first president of America was very intelligent, resolute and organized. Apart from his leadership style, at the same time he was a simple man, who carefully listened to his supporters. Find out what were the other his key streaks, which helped him in his victories and achievements. Personal life. How many facts do people know about the President’s private life? The main focus is on the political side of his life, but the private one has no less interesting points. For example, there were childhood stories of chopping down his father’s cherry tree or skipping a silver dollar across the Potomac River. No matter what topic you choose, I’m sure that during you researching work on such a legendary person you will learn many important life lessons and realize that George Washington created a reasonable model for every American to follow and, despite some his bad decisions and failures, he succeeded in all respects.

Essay on Latin America And Slavery - 1933 Words

Prior to its independence Latin America had been controlled by external forces for hundreds of years. To be freed of control from these outside interests did not in any way guarantee Latin America a return to the status quo. In fact, the inhabitants of Latin America had done very well in assimilating their in house controllers. They adopted European language, religion, color, and just about everything else that the European culture had to offer them. Although they were free to do as they please and run their own affairs in the global neighborhood as we know it, they struggled to create an entity for themselves. They embody too much of what is not native to their region, yet the people that used to represent their land 500 years earlier†¦show more content†¦Extreme blood mixing was going on. Between the Europeans, the natives, and Africans brought in to replace the dead natives, new races were popping up in Latin America. Right then the population in Latin America was undergo ing vast changes. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Population growth is usually due to either high birth rates with low death rates or heavy immigration. During this time there were normal birth rates, high death rates, and heavy immigration to compensate for the death rate. This caused a slight increase in the population during this time, but the demographics changed drastically. Over a short period of time an independent group of people had their identity erased only to be replaced by a mixed European culture with varying skin colors. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Changes in population are usually analyzed using the demographic transition model. This has four separate categories in which countries may be classified according to their situation. The category is countries with extremely high birth and death rates. This category has become unneeded due to the medical revolution. Death rates are lower because medicine can keep people alive longer than before. Common diseases don’t have people dropping like flies anymore. There are no countries fitting this description in present day countries. If they were before, they have probably moved into the second category, which is high birth rate and low death rate. Several Latin American countries are in this groupShow MoreRelatedSlavery in Latin America1676 Words   |  7 Pages#65279; Slavery in the Americas was quite diverse. Mining operations in the tropics experienced different needs and suffered different challenges than did plantations in more temperate areas of Norther Brazil or costal citys serving as ports for the exporting of commodities produced on the backs of the enslaved peoples from the African continent. This essay will look at these different situations and explore the factors that determined the treatment of slaves, the consequences of that treatmentRead MoreEssay on Slavery in Latin America4587 Words   |  19 Pages Slavery in Latin America Chile History Before the arrival of the Spanish in the 16th cent., the Araucanians had long been in control of the land in the southern part of the region; in the north, the inhabitants were ruled by the Inca empire. Diego de Almagro, who was sent by Francisco Pizarro from Peru to explore the southern region, led a party of men through the Andes into the central lowlands of Chile but was unsuccessful (1536) in establishing a foothold there. In 1540, PedroRead More Slavery In Latin America Essay example1641 Words   |  7 PagesSlavery In Latin America   Ã‚  Ã‚  Slavery in the Americas was quite diverse. Mining operations in the tropics experienced different needs and suffered different challenges than did plantations in more temperate areas of Norther Brazil or costal city’s serving as ports for the exporting of commodities produced on the backs of the enslaved peoples from the African continent. This essay will look at these different situations and explore the factors that determined the treatment of slaves, the consequencesRead MoreSlavery in Latin America vs Us3432 Words   |  14 PagesSlavery and its Impact in Latin America Vs the United States Slavery originally started in Latin America and the West Indies by the French, Spanish, and Portuguese after the conquest, to replace the depopulated labor of the Indigenous people. Shortly after, slavery became a profitable enterprise for the capitalistic driven United States. Some of the principal laws and systems of slavery were the same in both regions, but others were later changed. It brought about many changes, with respectRead MoreEuropean Exploration And Conquest Of Latin America1277 Words   |  6 PagesBefore European exploration and conquest in Latin America the indigenous people lived off the land working mainly to support themselves. Despite having conflicts of their own, most Latin American tribes would coexist peacefully relative to what was to come. Some, more advanced civilizations, such as the Aztec, did have conditions somewhat similar to those that would soon spread to the rest of Latin America. When European settlers started to take over the Americas, how ever, conditions got markedly worseRead MoreGeorge Reid Andrews Afro Latin America1584 Words   |  7 PagesGEORGE REID ANDREWS: AFRO-LATIN AMERICA In this paper, I would arguer that the history of USA is intertwined with the issue of Blacks – their enslavement and freedom but it has not as yet been focused that this subject has far greater impact in Central and Latin America, thus the greater impact of blacks in Central and Latin America would be the main theme or argument of this paper. This book, Afro-Latin America by George Reid, is the first attempt to focus on this side of the African DiasporaRead MoreGeorge Douglas And Abraham Lincoln903 Words   |  4 PagesIn Robert E. May’s, Slavery, Race, and Conquest in the Tropic, May tackles the notion of slavery in the tropics and how Douglas and Lincoln campaigned against slavery in the tropics . He first states the differences between Stephen Douglas and Abraham Lincoln’s positions concerning southward expansionism and how these two influential men arrived at and supported their stances. Robert May goes on to show potential U.S. expansion into Latin American and Caribbean territories led to the growing discontentRead MoreSimilarities And D ifferences Between The French And Latin American Revolutions1044 Words   |  5 PagesFrom 1750 to 1914, several important revolutionary processes occurred in the Americas, including those of North America and Latin America. The North American and Spanish American Revolutions were similar in that they both shared the common goal of liberation from the foreign colonial governments that ruled over them. However they differed in that there was no goal for social reform in the American Revolution, but in the Haitian Revolution the slaves had the goal of social reform of the rigid socialRead MoreThe Haitian Revolution And Latin American History1278 Words   |  6 Pages The Haitian Revolution was one of the most important slave revolts in Latin American history. It started a succession of other revolutionary wars in Latin America and ended both colonialism and imperialism in the Americas. The Haitian Revolution affected people from all social castes in Haiti including the indigenous na tives, mestizos, mulattos and the Afro-Latin. The idea of starting a rebellion against France began with the colony’s white elite class seeking a capitalist market. These elites inRead MoreLatin America Revolutions Essay775 Words   |  4 PagesVienna, revolts plagued many European countries as well as several areas in Latin America. France was driven from Haiti, Portugal lost control of Brazil, and Spain was forced to withdraw from all its American empire except for Cuba and Puerto Rico. Colonial government in South America came to an end. Three countries where revolts were successfully established were Haiti, Venezuela, and Brazil. The countries in Latin America benefited from the revolts because they became free from colonial rule, but

Tourism and Hospitality and CVF Framework †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Tourism and Hospitality and CVF Framework. Answer: The competing values framework can be considered to be one of the most utilized and effective framework for the purpose of assessing culture of the organization and organizational dynamics (Adams et al. 2017). The CVF essentially emerged from research for identification of effectiveness criteria of organization. In addition to this, effectiveness criteria that were observed to present a difference were the dimensions of internal and external, along with stability-flexibility. As such, CVF identifies the underlying dimensions of arranging that subsist in majority of all human as well as organizational actions. In the present case, the CVF reflects the four different quadrants in a spider web that are not necessarily equal and two diverse dimensions. The first effectiveness dimension of a corporation has an internal orientation concentrating on development, integration of actions, coordination and collaboration (Lindquist and Marcy 2016). The second dimension focuses on effectiveness of organization as well as culture that essentially affects both stability and flexibility. The spider web hereby framed as per the responses to the survey questions contains two different areas of strength and two areas for weaknesses. The innovator as well as broker roles depend on both creativity as well as skills of communication to undertake change. In this section, there is lower score in my case. However, the monitor along with coordinator roles can be considered to be pertinent for management of system and assimilation and call for project management and skills of supervision (Grabowski et al. 2015). In my present case, the score is relatively higher in comparison to the innovator and broker role (Saxena 2016). Again, director along with producer roles are necessarily geared towards attainment of goal and in this area there is moderate score as per CVF framework presented below. Also, facilitator along with mentor roles is primarily aimed at producing a motivational work force that is driven by higher levels of commitment along with engagement. In the current case, there is highest score in this section reflecting my greatest strength in this area. References Saxena, S., 2016. Understanding Organization culture for Acquiring Bank using Quinns Competing Value Framework-An Empirical Study. Grabowski, L., Neher, C., Crim, T. and Mathiassen, L., 2015. Competing values framework application to organizational effectiveness in voluntary organizations: A case study.Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly,44(5), pp.908-923. Lindquist, E. and Marcy, R., 2016. The competing values framework: Implications for strategic leadership, change and learning in public organizations.International Journal of Public Leadership,12(2), pp.167-186. Adams, C., Dawson, A. and Foureur, M., 2017. Competing Values Framework: A useful tool to define the predominant culture in a maternity setting in Australia.Women and Birth,30(2), pp.107-113.

NYS Office of Mental Health

Introduction NYS OMH operates more than 1300 psychiatric facilities in the State of New York and has its headquarters in Albany. The other facilities have field offices but major decisions are made at the headquarters (Nag Sengupta, 2007). NYS OMH is located in a 5,000 acres piece of land which comprises more than 33 million square feet.Advertising We will write a custom thesis sample on NYS Office of Mental Health specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The major obligation of NYS OMH is â€Å"to protect its information assets and computer information systems collected or created as part of its ongoing business† (NYS OMH 2003a, p.1). This obligation is observed under the State and the Federal Statutory and regulatory requirements (NYS OMH, 2011). Therefore, given the functions of NYS OMH, IT security is required to ensure data and sensitive information belonging to different clients and patients is safeguarded. The purpose of th e paper is to carry for an analysis on IT security breach prevention with respect to NYS OMH. Foundation NYS OMH is a constituent of the Research Foundation for Mental Hygiene, Inc (UCLA Health Services Research Center, 2009). NYS OMH is a not-for-profit outfit whose responsibility is improve research and training, in addition to providing research assistance to the mental hygiene department in the state of New York. All the research programs in the NYS are administered and overseen by the organization. As part of the foundation, NYS OHM offers necessary assistance to ensure the mental wellbeing and welfare of New Yorkers are achieved as stipulated its mission statement. History In the nineteenth century, there emerged different mental health systems and facilities in New York Stat. Under the State Care Act, the facilities were established with the intention of ensuring better mental health welfare to New Yorkers. Due to the increased demand for mental retardation and mental health services, the State Department of Mental Hygiene was founded in 1927. In the 1950s, the mental health sector was faced with increased professionalization of staff, growth and institutionalization as the demand for effective and safe mental retardation and mental health services increased. The number of the State Mental Institutions offering better services to mentally challenged people continued to increase.Advertising Looking for thesis on it? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Between 1950s and 1960s, the New York State set an example by assuming the responsibility of taking care of the mentally challenged persons (Benjamin Brecher, 1988). In 1954, the State’s Community Mental Health Services Act was enacted to oversee services delivery to retarded and mentally disabled persons. The following years saw the formation of the New York State Department of Mental Health. The NYS OMH was founded as a corporation that would ov ersee the delivery of better services to the mentally challenged persons. The legislature has been offering an assistance of $ 3 million annually to NYS OMH as part of financial funding. Between 1982 and 1986, the beds offered to mentally challenged persons in NYS OMH were increased to 2,020 beds from 982 (Benjamin Brecher, 1988). This is an indication that the OMH has been expanding slowly and slowly. NYS OMH operates under a five year strategic plan which ensures that its set strategic goals as stipulated in the company’s mission statement and visions are achieved (Mangurian et al., 2010). The organization has experienced rapid expansion because it currently runs over 4,500 programs in the NYS. As a large city with a large population, NYS operates a comprehensive mental health system which serves an estimated 700,000 persons annually. In addition, NYS OMH certifies, regulates and oversees over 4,000 programs run by nonprofit agencies and the local government. Agency Affair s The affairs of the agency (NYS OMH) are operated and run from its headquarters. It operates different psychiatric facilities with headquarters in New York. However, field managers in different psychiatric facilities coordinate operations with the headquarters. In addition, the agency oversees, regulates and certifies an estimated 2,500 programs run by nonprofit agencies and local governments (UCLA Health Services Research Center, 2009). Also, an oversight committee oversees that all these programs have been facilitated and are run well.Advertising We will write a custom thesis sample on NYS Office of Mental Health specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Organizational Analysis The objective of NYS OMH is to promote the well being and mental health of New York residents. The mission of the organization as stated by Hogan (2010) is; ‘To facilitate recovery for young to older adults receiving treatment for serious mental illness, t o support children and families in their social and emotional development and early identification and treatment of serious emotional disturbances, and to improve the capacity of communities across New York to achieve these goals† (p.2). The values of New York State OMH are recovery, resilience, excellence, respect, disparities elimination, cultural competence, positive emotional, and social developments (Hogan, 2010). Like any other organization, NYS OMH has different stakeholders who are part of its daily operations. Some of its major stakeholders are patients, nongovernmental organizations, the New York State, nonprofit agencies, and local governments. All these stakeholders are provided with different programs and psychiatric services. The leadership style used by NYS OMH ensures that accountability and transparency are realized. The organizational leadership major focus is the promotion of mental health with the objective of reducing stigma and fear among the people (Hoga n, 2010). It also conducts mental health research with the aim of advancing prevention, treatment and recovery. Furthermore, it provides state operated inpatient and outpatient mental health support and services to New Yorkers. NYS OMH has a well set organizational chart which foresees the management of the organization. At the top of the organization is the office of the commissioner who chairs NYS OMH meetings.Advertising Looking for thesis on it? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Sitting on the board of the company are representatives from the office of counsel, division of financial management, office of medical director, public information, intergovernmental affairs, and consumer affairs. A well elaborated organizational chart of NYS OMH as adopted from the company’s website (http://www.omh.ny.gov/omhweb/orgchart/orgchart.htm) is presented below Figure 1: Organizational Chart of NYS OMH Source: NYS OMH (2012b) As shown in the organizational chart, NYS OMH has five major field offices (mental health regions) and they are the New York City, the Long Island, the Hudson River, the Central and the Western regions. All these regions are coordinated through the central NYS OMH office in Albany. The organizational structure of NYS OMH is simple and as a result it allows easy and effective running of operations. NYS OMH operates using the latest information technology. For instance, the company operates using Oracle database, and Spatial Ware server, GIS t echnology and internet and internet. In other words, NYS OMH has established a network that facilitates easy connection between the field offices and the headquarters. The IT system has been established in such as way that safety and health related issues are spotted quickly as they emerge. Moreover, the company has a well established emergency response system. The IT of the NYS OMH is headed by facility directors. Under each facility director is a security manager who controls all security operations in each of the NYS OMH run facilities. Under the Security Management Systems, it becomes easy to control any form of security breach in the company. SWOT Analysis SWOT analysis as an analytical tool gives an internal assessment of an organization by exploring the weakness and strengths experienced internally and opportunities and threats resulting from the outside environment. Strengths One of the major strengths of NYS OMH is the presence of a well established Security Management Syst em (SMS). Basically, the SMS is an application system which is web based. Both local and state facilities staff members use this application to have an access secured and sensitive web based applications such as PSYCKES Medicaid and Patient Characteristics Survey (PCS). As a result, the company is able to reduce security breach on its data and information. In addition, the SMS allows the security manager to expand the system network or reduce the number of persons accessing sensitive data. The SMS has replaced previous requests for access paper forms which were used to get access data. This has not only enhanced security but has also increased efficiency and confidentiality in NYS OMH. NYS OMH has adopted state-of-art technology to carry out its operations and services with clients and visiting persons. Less sensitive information is made available online on its website. Through the use internet privacy policy, the company is able to increase the confidence levels of businesses and i ndividuals. All the major components required are available on OMH website. Others information system tools and application established are such as authentication, encryption, auditing and monitoring tools which increase security levels in the organization. NYS OMH has put in place an emergence response system operated through Oracle database and Spatial Ware server based GIS technology which is accessible via OMH intranet (Nag Sengupta, 2007). This allows OMH system to analyse many â€Å"what if† scenarios. In addition, safety and health related issues can easily be spotted and addressed. Also, federally reimbursed costs are easily tracked once they are uploaded. It also becomes easier to track how such costs have been incurred thus increasing the levels of transparency. The company operates more than 2,500 psychiatric facilities and over 4,500 programs in New York State. This gives the company monopoly as it is the sole provider of data and information related to mental he alth in NYS. By cooperating with nonprofit agencies and local government, the company is able to offer netter services not only in NYS but in U.S. Weaknesses Numerous campaigns have been carried in the past to have the company closed because of mistrust. Basically, there has been a claim that funds channeled to mental health services have not been accountable for. In addition, the funds have been channeled to other functions instead of the stipulated functions. This has a high chance of damaging the reputation and the trust people have on the company. Given that the company is majorly funded through taxpayers’ money, funding may be cut down if the claims are found to be true. The company depends highly on information technology for data storage and processing. It also relies on the internet to carry out it transactions. Despite the fact that technology is important since it increase efficiency, it is prone to security related problems. Management of the networks is a major ch allenge that the company faces is managing a large network with specialized facilities (Nag Sengupta, 2007). This is because coordination is required between field managers and the headquarters administrators without any form security breach. The company depends highly on federal state funding. This implies that the company experiences budget cuts. It is not a fully independent body as it is part of the Research Foundation for Mental Hygiene, Inc which means it cannot make all informed and corporate decisions without the foundation. Threats New York has the largest multi-faceted mental health system serving over 700,000 persons annually (NYS OMH, 2012). This means that it stores very sensitive information of almost all New Yorkers. With the latest advancement in technology and the presence of computer geeks, the information is prone to IT security breaches. This means that the information can be accessed by unauthorized party through hacking or be corrupted through computer viruses and software (Ammenwerth, Graber, Herrman, Burkle Konig, 2003). This can jeopardize the privacy and the confidentiality of the information stored in OMH database. NYS OMH database store diversified data types which threaten effective distribution of data and information. In addition, multitude computing platforms are required to keep the network linked and connected (Nag Sengupta, 2007. As a result, this threatens the welfare and the functionality of the OMH Security Management System. The system is prone to inside jobs which can lead to extraction and access of sensitive data and information by authorized personnel for malicious reasons. Unauthorized access by authorized personnel to sensitive data is an IT breach of security which jeopardizes personal information and data. Opportunities Advancement in technology and information gives OMH the opportunity to embrace the latest technology. This would help the company offer safe and innovative alternatives to healing and mental hea lth recovery. In addition, other than increasing treatment effectiveness, technology opens a window for adopting the latest technology for research on mental health related issues (Sinclair, 2001). With regard to the issue of IT security breach, the organization will invest in the latest data storage facilities. OMH can also improve on the security systems used by adopting more advanced security systems and protocols. Web based application in mobile phones, tablets, and androids Smartphone ensure that personal data and information is made accessible at anytime and from anywhere. This ensures that business and interested individuals can have access to information increase the level of corporation. Literature Review This section of the research study uses different materials with the objective of exploring IT security breach and measures which are undertaken to reduce its occurrence. Definition of IT Security Breach In simple terms, security breach is the violation of the set protocol s, procedures, and processes by a third party. It can also be termed as security violation after another organization or individual gets illegal access to secured data or information. Legally, security breach is a criminal offence and a liability to an organization. This is because it reduces the level of trust and operations of an organization. Either internally or externally, unauthorized access to information or data acts as an IT security breach (Appari Johnson, 2008; Fleming, 2009). The presence of hackers, malicious software, and viruses pose a threat to companies which really heavily to IT such as NYS OMH. With the advancement in technology, health agencies inclusive of NYS OMH use electronic applications and means to get, use, maintain, and store personal health data and information (Myers, Frieden, Bherwani Henning, 2008; Ko Dorantes, 2006). Although electronic data and information formats improve performance in running of health operations, they pose a potential threat to privacy. This is because data can be duplicated or transmitted easily through other information systems components to unauthorised parties. As a result, security breaches occur which threaten confidentiality and privacy of patients’ information. Security breach can be both electronic and physical (Myers et al. 2008). For example, it can be electronic if information is copied and transported through laptops or flash devices and made available through the use of wired networks from any location in the world. In addition, transfer of information and network access management are vulnerable to security breaches such as interception by hackers and infection by malicious software or virus. According to Myers et al. (2008), public health departments and agencies are prone to external and internal intruders who pose a great threat to IT security. If their security and electronic access to an organization database is not been revoked they stand out as the largest threat to security breach. Hackers and burglars may get access to sensitive information thus threatening the security levels of information. Hanover (2012) opine that in April this year, three high profile and high volume data breaches took place in the U. S where more than 1.3 million healthcare consumers were affected. The three counts of security breach were as a result of lost backup tapes, hacker activities, and inappropriate access and internal misconduct by an employee. Hanover (2012) adds that these breaches occurred in three weeks consecutive in the healthcare sector. As a result, the issue of security breach has raised a heated debate. Therefore, the three cases are an example of the need to adopt multi prolonged approach to ensure security to information and data available to healthcare organizations inclusive of NYS OMH. Consequently, there is need to consider and assess internal threats, physical security threats, intrusion and network security. Countermeasures to security breach The gov ernment has envisioned the adoption of electronic healthcare records by all HMOs (Appari Johnson, 2008). This will ultimately reduce the threat posed by IT security breach. Through the implementation and adoption of different countermeasures, security related risks on the healthcare sector can be curtailed (LaverdieÌ€re-Papineau, 2008). According to Kwon and Jonson (2012), majority of organization in the healthcare sector fail to curb IT security threats because they belief that security breach is only a technical issue. However, there has been a shift in viewing ways of reducing security breach issues achieved by adopting a social perspective framework of IT security. Education, policies, and organizational culture are some of measures which are used to support technical measures in curtailing security breach (Kwon Johnson, 2012). Strategic approaches have been adopted by different organization in the healthcare sector to mitigate security issues caused by the rapid change in technology. As a result, hospitals and healthcare agencies have been able to protect patients’ information. Once enacted in an organization, compliance policies and regulatory policies ensure that patients’ information is protected. Regulatory compliance is not only an internally implemented strategy but is also an external policy (Kwon , Johnson, 2012). The rationale behind the preceding statement is that organizations like hospitals share patients’ information with third parties who may lack compliance regulatory policies. Therefore, the implementation of regulatory compliance makes third parties liable to compliance security breach policies. As noted by Al-Hakim (2007), security countermeasures improve security by creating a more secure network. There are three major areas of countermeasures adopted by organization to prevent IT security breach. These are software, operational and management areas. Management countermeasures are concerned with preventative le vel (Al -Hakim, 2007). For example, policies are designed constituting breach and the resultant consequences in case security breach occurs (Asfaw, 2008). In operational countermeasures, detection and preventive controls are offered. Some of the detection and preventive measures are such as use of surveillance cameras, security guards, and biometrics systems, use of passwords, identification badges and logging as well as auditing attempted access with the objective of determining any unauthorized access. Technical countermeasures entail the use of hardware and software to offer protection to web application and networks. Some of the commonly applied tools are such as public-key infrastructure, firewalls, virtual private networks, encryption, intrusion-detection systems, authentication, upgrades and software patches and access point configurations (Al -Hakim, 2007). Given that most of the healthcare agencies use network configurations, these technical measures play an integral role i n security maintenance. In addition, these measures ensure that patients’ data and information is only accessible by authorized parties. Governments have regulations provided to healthcare providers which encourage maintenance of security and privacy of patients’ information when transmitting data and keeping patients recorded. For example, in U.S there is the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act while in Canada, theirs is PHIA (Asfaw, 2008). In Europe there are legal policies which make healthcare providers accountable for any breach of privacy in respect to patients’ data and information (Mennerat, 2002). These compliance requirements make it possible to maintain confidentiality and privacy of sensitive information. Myers et al. (2008) note that technical training is one of preventive measures adopted by healthcare agencies. This is because most security breaches occur internally and do not result from external hackers. As a result, educational initiatives are important in ensuring that a cultural change is incorporated in the healthcare sector. Preventive measures are embedded in organizational and electronic policies to reduce human error which can result to breach of security. This can be realized through preventive engineering via the adoption of recent technologies such as multifactor or single authentication (Myers et al., 2008). Some organizations have supported this with high level confidentiality policy to all personnel who have access to very sensitive information. Compare and contrast There are different software and programs used to reduce security breach not only in health sector but in other sectors. One of these is the WORM (Write Once, Read Many) program which according to Myers et al. (2008) and Null and Lobur (2010) has electronic and technology signatures. The benefit associated with this program is that it prevents tampering of data after the creation of the initial files. This means that the WORM has t he capacity to protect the duplication of health related data and information thus curtailing security breach (Richards Heathcote, 2001). The only limitation is that WORM is an expensive program but it is worthy every the implementation. Some organizations use virtual private network (VPN) to run networked transmissions. Just as described by Al –Hakim (2007), VPN is used to create an encrypted network and channels between the network and the user’s wireless device, hence hiding data and information transmission. It reduces cost and ensures network scalability (Mitchell, 2012; Shinder, 2001). This means that organizations with many branches can share costs through sharing of communication lines. The only limitation of VPN is that its reliability may be compromised if not well implemented (Shinder, 2001). Reliable and outstanding internet connection is necessary to ensure that communication is carried securely. Other programs are such as firewalls which prevent unauthor ized persons from having access to stored data and information. The only limitation is that some firewalls can be passed through by computer hackers. Firewalls allow only authorized persons have access to patient’s data and information (Al-Hakim, 2007). Virus which can harm or tamper with stored data or information can be prevented through use of computer software. For example, antivirus such as Norton and MacAfee can be used to prevent any malicious software or virus which may lead to security breach. Diagnosis of the Problem or Improvement The major problem experienced by NYS OMH is on the management of its large network of specialized facilities from its headquarters without security breach. Basically, a challenge is experienced while managing all these facilities and while transmitting data from the OMH intranet system. Statement of the Research Problem NYS OMH like any other large corporation which provides services to a wider range of clients is faced with challenges in managing its diverse networked facilities from its headquarters without experiencing security breach. Basically the field personnel and the office administrators of the OMH have to keep in conduct. Field managers who are obligated with serving specific clients have to carry their operations safely and effectively. The problem associated with the management of networked specialized facilities in NYS OHM is because the company deals with diversified data types. In addition, multitude computing platforms are required without experiencing security breach on its information systems (Nag Sengupta, 2007). Research Questions Broadly, the identified research questions for the study are: What are the strategies utilized by companies to foster IT security? How can IT security be improved in organizations like NYS OMH? Review of the Related Literature The review of the related literature will provide the foundation for a written strategy and implementation plan to address the identified are as of concern. Strategies applied to Foster IT Security Different organizations employ different strategies to foster IT security in their organizations. One of these strategies is the implementation of compliance regulatory policy. As noted by Kwon and Johnson (2012), compliance policies foster IT security as data or information cannot be accessed without facing the set penalties. This observation has been supported by Schiff (2009) who opine that data protection policy limits incidents associated security breach. A good protection policy limit access to sensitive information, puts into place response plan to handle security breach, uses strong encryption of storage devices, and considers privacy and confidentiality policies. In a study that was conducted by Kwon and Johnson (2012), the researchers concluded that compliance is highly applied as a security management tool against third party breaches and training. To complement compliance regulatory, organizations run security audit s as part of routine checks. In addition, practical guidelines and strategic goals are applied as part of the compliance regulatory (Andrà ©s Kenyon, 2004) As part of strategic planning, some organizations adopt confidentiality and privacy policies as part of enhancing security of patients’ information (Myers et al., 2008). However, it is only about a third of the public health facilities in US which have implemented this policy to foster IT security. Nonetheless, through the government, some acts such as HIPAA have been enacted which strengthen protection of healthcare information in the public sector. Despite the fact that most of the public health agencies are exempted from HPAA, the policy however requires privacy and confidentiality of patients’ information especially when it is transmitted electronically. An organization like Amazon uses access control policies which require authentication of users before logging into the system (AWS, 2012). This can be adopted by other organizations to promote security in the healthcare sector. Some organizations have gone to the extent of incorporating multifactor authentication as part of security check. According to AL-Hakim (2007), the use of biometric authentication system, people with access to sensitive would be countable in case of security. In addition, it becomes easy to monitor and control access to networks and sensitive areas. Lastly, secure networks are applied if an organization has a multi-faceted connection with other facilities. Ways to Improve IT Security IT security can be improved through the incorporation of non-routine disclosure protocols. For this strategy to be effective, some important confirmation should be made to avoid security breach. As opined by Myers et al. (2008), organizations should have the disclosure specify if it is authorized by law or policy, verify the integrity of the data being disclosed, determine the individual accessing the information, and ensure the infor mation is send in a secure manner. Organizations can set security policies as part of organizational culture to foster security check (Clark McGhee, 2008). For example, security policies would prohibit employees from looking at patients’ information, deny employees from having access to high sensitive or classified information, put into place internal security checks, and ensure that employees cannot have access to guest operating system. These protocols prohibit internal security breach which is considerably high compared to external breach (AWS, 2012). Educative programs and training can also be carried at organizational level to create awareness among employees on the importance of protecting patients’ information and data from unauthorized persons (Meyers et al., 2008). This would foster security improvement at organizational levels. One of practical ways of improving information security state is through frequent information security assessments. Vladimirov et al . (2010) opine that information security assessments should be carried on regular basis. This would eliminate any tangible security gaps thus improving security of information. This has been supported by Colling, York and Colling (2010) observation that security assessment acts a countermeasure as it determines security breach points. However, it should be noted that security assessment is carried at organizational level to determine and evaluate any possible security risks. This is supported by security audit which ensure that the system operates as required and no IT security alert is posed (Colling, York Colling, 2010). Other ways of improving IT security include regular audits, background checks on all personnel who have access or handle sensitive information, and hosting of patients’ sensitive information and data on ‘thin clients workstations’ (Myers et al. 2008). Hosting patients’ sensitive information on thin clients workstations ensure that infor mation is not easily transferred from main computer or database to secondary storage devices. Rules and regulation may be passed which prohibit access by every employee to data rooms containing highly classified patients’ information. This is achieved through the use of authentication measures such as biometric validation. Video surveillance on data storage rooms could also be an effective way of preventing security breach. Research Design/ Methodology Collis and Hussey (2007) describe methodology as an approach used in research to organize and plan the general approach in which the research goals and questions are addressed The research is descriptive in nature and qualitative research design has been adopted. Basically, since the research is more concerned with IT security breach, primary materials will be used to provide any relevant information and data which answers the stipulated research questions. For example, data and information will be collected from NYS OMH websit e and different publications for easy analysis. Owing to the nature of the study, it would be appropriate to use qualitative research design since no generalization is required in respect to the case study. As noted by Williams (2007), qualitative research methods allow the researcher to get data and information related to the specific phenomenon under study. The research is a case study based on the New York Office of Mental Health and the major focus will be on IT security breach. Given that NYS OMH is networked to other facilities all over NYS, the primary data collected will assist in determining the already available IT security strategies and define ways which can be applied to improve its security. Primary data collection has been chosen because it is cheap, saves time, most important information needed can be collected from the company’s website and it is cost effective (Runciman, 2002). The only drawback is that the information may be biased since the owner (NYS OMH) like any public interested party may be willing to foster a positive image. Presentation and Analysis of Data Based on the research findings, NYS OMH faces a major challenge in dealing with the management of its network of specialized facilities. The company has established and adopted internet privacy policy as a strategic measure against IT security breach (NYS OMH, 2012c). The policy draws its consistence from Personal Privacy Protection Law, the Freedom of Information Law, and the Internet Security and Privacy Act (NYS OMH, 2010). The company also operates under the Federal Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health (HITECH) Act which is safeguarded under the HIPAA (NYS OMH, 2003; Brown Brown, 2011). This fosters information security in the company. Several changes have been made on the HIPAA rules such as increase in breach penalties, incorporation of accounting for disclosure, and enactment of security breach notifications (NYS OMH, 2010). All these impro vements have been adopted by NYS OMH and according to its commissioner; OHM is working towards the improvement of privacy policy. Since most of the operations of NYS OMH are based on Web Application, the company has adopted Security Management System which is based encryption (NYS OMH, 2012a). However, the company has not undertaken encryption protocols but it is on the verge of implementing EMR (electronic medical records) (NYS OMH, 2012a). Analysis Based on the research findings, it is evident that NYS OMH has adopted strategies which foster IT security on its network. For example, the company has adopted and continued to train its employees on HIPAA and HITECH Act with the objective of improving its security. As acknowledged by Myers et al. (2008), the HIPAA is necessary since it safeguards patients’ information by preventing security breach. Furthermore, HITECH Act has incorporated important clauses which encourage high penalties for persons of engage in security breach r anging from $50,000 to $1, 500,000 in a single year (NYS OMH, 2010). OMH has a well established Security Management Systems which foster security on patients’ information. This has made its network secure from any viable security breach. As advocated by Al-Hakim (2007) and Meyers et al. (2008) on employee training and training initiatives as part of awareness creation, OMH has been training its employees to understand the need and importance of privacy and confidentiality. This will be a milestone as it will prevent security breaches from inside the organization. In addition, the company is ensuring that its employees are acquainted with the requirements of HITECH Act and HIPAA as part of improving security (NYS OMH, 2010). NYS OMH has established SMS which is run through electronic authentication (NYS OMH, 2012c). Just like any other security fostering program, the SMS as a strategy will not only improve security in OMH but will also foster security. The adoption of EMR, SIE M and DLP is an indication that OMH has realized the essence of fostering IT security. It can be concluded that, despite the fact that OMH is on the verge of adopting multifactor authentication it has so far shown its ability in fostering and improving security by safeguarding patients’ information. Recommendations Based on the findings analysis, the following suggestions have been recommended which can be used to improve IT security in NYS OMH. Employees working in different NYS OMH facilities need to be trained on the importance of security maintenance. This will not only create awareness but will encourage employees to be champions in preventing security breaches. Security assessments can be carried from time to time to ensure that no security breach is being encountered. In addition, security assessments would ensure any form of security breach is noted and immediate action undertaken. Owning to the fact that most of the NYS OMH are run through networking, more secure use r protocols would be recommendable. This is because they assist in preventing any intrusion on the data being transmitted. NYS OMH can set up regulatory compliance policies which can be supported by the confidentiality and privacy policy. These policies would enhance the already existing protocols and security counter measures thus improving security in NYS OMH. Implementation Plan To improve the NYS OMH security, the following implementation processes outlined below are deemed viable. Definition, selection and identification of the most appropriate countermeasures for improving IT security in NYS OMH are the first steps in the implementation process (Jones Ashenden, 2005). It should be noted that the implementation plan should be achievable and supported by considerate timeframe like two years. The implementation manager with the help of an IT security consultant should then sign off each of the identified and selected countermeasures and security strategies. Consultation between the security risk managers, security managers and head of security in each facility should carried to ensure that the implementation process is not hampered. Upon approval and agreement, the implementation process can be initiated in the first phase. The table below represents different phases and activities which will be undertaken during the implementation process. Table 1: Implementation plan Phases/stages Activities Duration/time frame Remarks on the progress of the implementation 1 Initiation of the selected, identified and defined security strategy. 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